Analysis on the presence of ethinic racial themes in teaching materials in basic education – elementary education – early grades of the federal district
Didactic materials. Literature. Afro-Brazilian. Indigenous. Ethnic-racial.
Considering the complexity of the anti-racist discussion, this research seeks to expand knowledge and reflection regarding the racial ethnic-historical and cultural context. With a Marxist approach, which has as its principle the movement of Dialectical Materialist thinking, the assignment problematizes Elementary School textbooks and literature that involve ethnic-racial themes and the Laws No 10.369, from January of 2003, and Nº11.645, from January 10th, 2008, which made the study of indigenous and AfroBrazilian history and culture mandatory. Thus, the research aims to analyze didactic materials of Elementary School I of a public school from the Federal District, in the view of the application of Law N.° 11.645 (BRASIL, 2008), which changes Law Nº9.394, from December, 1996, replaced by Law Nº 10.639/03 and, specifically, to understand how the history, culture and ethnic-racial relations are proposed on teaching materials in order of an anti-racist education; it researches public education in consonance with ethnic-racial relations in legal instruments and instruments regarding public policies; and verifies, in didactic materials, the inclusion or exclusion of ethnicracial themes. The investigation has a qualitative nature, being organized from bibliographic and exploratory research in the materials in question, directed towards to the observation and analysis of the exposed contents. After observing the books and textbooks, it was possible to organize the analysis into the following categories: ethnicity, representation, fragility and diversity, so that it would be possible to maintain the visibility of the result and the design with greater clarity. Regarding and the didactic books, it is seen the attempt of involving ethnic-racial, but usually in an inappropriate way or even silenced. In the researched literature, it is understandable that there is a necessity of an urgent revaluation to have, in a proper amount, books with these themes. For that, a list of literature references for the beginner years of Elementary School, which can also work as a base for choosing ethnic-racial literature books.