MATHEMATICS IN GENERALIST RESOURCE ROOMS OF THE FEDERAL DISTRICT AND INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY:
TYPIFICATIONS, CONCEPTIONS, THEORIES AND PRACTICES
Intellectual Disability; General Resource Rooms; Inclusive Mathematics Education; Higher Psychological Functions; Human Development.
Thinking about the teaching and learning process of people with Intellectual Disabilities, today, is bringing to light a change in terminologies and conceptions. Both walked together throughout the history of humanity, from a perspective of the limitations and incapacity of these people who were called weak, mongoloid, retarded, incapable, exceptional and others, which, even without intention, already made these people inferior. This process of transformation in society is the result of a new vision that the school must cultivate, carrying out inclusive practices that aim at the development of these people in all dimensions, considering the potential of these individuals and not their limitations, in addition to a process that aims to learning not only from a cognitive perspective, but also from a social, political and historical perspective. Considering this, the present work seeks to understand the teaching of Mathematics in Generalist Resource Rooms in Federal District in serving students with Intellectual Disabilities. To this end, this research aims to uncover a little of the universe of these individuals, weaving the trajectory of historical milestones in the world and in Brazil during the 20th and 21st centuries, with events and laws that guaranteed the inclusion of people with disabilities in regular schools, reaching a more specific assistance with Specialized Educational Assistance (AEE) through the General Resource Rooms (SRG) in Federal District. Furthermore, this research characterizes Intellectual Disability, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - V (DSM-V), published by the American Psychiatric Association; International Classification of Diseases (ICD), organized by the Organization World Health Organization (WHO) and through the theory of Vygotskian defectology. To conclude, it talks about the potential of inclusive practices in Mathematics Education carried out in the General Resource Rooms in Federal District. This discussion will be based on Vygotsky's theory, within defectology, which describes the development of people with disabilities following the same law of development as typical people but using alternative paths and auxiliary means to develop compensatory processes, which aim at the development of these subjects. In relation to methodological aspects, the research will have a descriptive qualitative approach, based on historical-cultural theory, which understands that the higher psychological functions, typical of the human species, become complex based on social relations, as well as semiotic mediations experienced, through cultural construction instruments and bibliographic and documentary review procedures.