Formative assessment and critical and creative thinking in mathematics: a perspective from elementary school teachers
Formative Assessment in Mathematics; Critical and Creative Thinking in Mathematics; Assessment Rubrics; Teacher Training; Feedback.
Our aim was to address the following research question: What is the perception of teachers regarding formative assessment for the development of critical and creative thinking in mathematics among students in the Initial Years of Elementary Education in public schools in Brasília? In this participatory research, we offered the course "Formative Assessment from the Perspective of Critical and Creative Thinking in Mathematics" (FAPCCTM) to a group of eight teachers from the early years of public schools in Brasilia. This was a hybrid continuing education activity conducted concurrently with their professional responsibilities, involving collaborative task creation, implementation in their classrooms, and subsequent sharing within the course. In addition to the course, we collected data through questionnaires, individual interviews, and online focus group discussions. Transcriptions of participants' dialogues during remote and in-person meetings, as well as in the virtual learning environment, were analyzed, along with the "hands-on" assessment activities carried out by participants. The data were qualitatively analyzed using Content Analysis. By enhancing critical and reflective perspectives through the proposed assessments, teachers break away from transmission-based teaching and the alienation of both students and themselves. Continuous professional development activities are necessary to expand teachers' knowledge repertoire on critical and creative thinking in mathematics, as well as how to foster it, along with an understanding of assessment. From this standpoint, assessment takes into consideration students' individualities for the development and solving of real-world mathematical problems, often incorporating playful elements. This approach aids in the critical and creative emancipation of both students and teachers