Financialization in basic education: a study on Vasta Education Group.
Financialization; Educational Market; Basic education; Stock Exchange; Vasta Education Group.
The main objective of the research was to verify how financialization takes place in basic education at the company level through the analysis of movements and strategies of publicly traded educational companies towards this level of education with a focus on the Vasta group. To this end, three specific objectives were identified: to verify the origins of the researched phenomenon and provide the theoretical-methodological subsidies used in the proposed analysis; analyze the recent scenario of basic education (2017-2021); and to analyze how Vasta fits into the observed phenomenon, as well as the impacts of its performance on Brazilian basic education. This is a quali-quantitative research that included bibliographic and documentary research and the use of descriptive statistics, having as main data sources the Basic Education Census, the Hoper Educational Consulting and the quarterly reports published by Vasta, as well as the material facts published on the stock exchanges (B3 and Nasdaq). The study concluded that the trajectory taken by the Vasta is part of the phenomenon of financialization, since the strategies performed by it have as a fundamental premise the maximization of gains and investors' remuneration, to the detriment of educational principles. Among the impacts for basic education are the greater participation in this level of education, reaching 20% of students enrolled in private institutions. There are also consequences for the educational process, since the company's priority in institutional investors disregards the trajectory, mission and culture of the institutions considered "partners", negatively affecting the subjective public right of Brazilian students.