When the Boss is an Algorithm: a multidimensional study of digital platform couriers with life trajectories
platform work; delivery couriers, discrimination, racism
This study investigates how technological transformations influence command relationships in the context of digital platform work. The research focuses on understanding the mechanisms of power and control in digital platform delivery work. In particular, it tests the hypothesis that workers orient their aspirations and life projects towards emancipating themselves from subordination to hierarchies of authority as a result of negative social experiences materially conditioned in the sphere of work before digital platforms. In this sense, social relations of disrespect and discrimination are re-signified as autonomy, independence and freedom of choice in the construction of the life trajectories of app-based delivery workers. The thesis proposes a multidimensional analytical scheme that articulates the objective and subjective dimensions of platformized work in Brazil, considering axes of analysis that are relevant from a sociological point of view, but unconventional in research debates on the uberization or platformization of work in Brazil. These are: i) workers' aspirations to emancipate themselves from subordination to a boss; ii) entrepreneurial attitudes associated with individualism, self-responsibility and meritocracy; iii) negative social experiences of disrespect and discrimination based on social class, race and gender in previous journeys in the world of work. The approach adopted in the research design favors the construction and analysis of textual data, such as records of semi-structured interviews and field diaries, to investigate the life trajectories of delivery workers in the country, especially in the Federal District and surrounding areas. The qualitative research is accompanied by a complementary, quantitative perspective, which aims to observe, at a national level, the mediation of income inequality by racial inequality in the group in question; it also addresses other socio-demographic aspects related to working conditions in delivery apps.