THE CARBON MARKET AND THE RIGHTS OF THE XINGUAN PEOPLE.
Carbon Market – Indigenous Rights – Xingu Indigenous Territory (TIX) – TIX General Governance – The Rights Found on the Street
This research aimed to analyze carbon credit market issues and their impact on Indigenous Territories. This market has increasingly sought the implementation of its projects in traditional territories as a supposed solution for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The problem presented in this work refers to the increasing harassment from consultancy companies or developers of Local REDD+ projects, those that directly affect territories or communities. This is because a “second wave in carbon contracts” is occurring again in indigenous communities, without knowing exactly what the carbon market is, the risks it poses, much less the content of the contracts that the given community is signing. In light of this, the present work sought to understand: 1) what the carbon market is, what are the legal bases and standards for its regulation; 2) what happens in practice with carbon contracts involving indigenous peoples, what are the risks, requirements and types of carbon credit contracts; 3) how indigenous peoples have been organizing themselves to defend their rights in the carbon market, what are the General Governance systems of the Xingu Indigenous Territory and their understanding of the topic. To this end, the methodology to achieve the objectives of the proposal was a bibliographical review on the topic of the carbon market within the scope of law. To find out how the contract works in practice this work was based in the case study of the Suruí Carbon Forestry Project, from the people Paiter Suruí, and through a bibliographical review and also secondary sources such as journalistic articles and documents from entities that work on the topic, besides primary sources such as testimonies from those involved in the project. To analyze the way in which the people of TIX organize themselves in relation to the topic, observation was essentially used mainly as a member of the TIX General Governance mechanism and the documents produced in its environment. It was finally concluded, after everything analyzed regarding the carbon market, the Xinguans are at a time of better understanding, that is, it is not yet time to join the carbon project in the Xingu Indigenous Territory.