THE APPLICATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF INTEGRATION IN THE CONTEXT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION IN MARINE PROTECTED AREAS LOCATED IN EEZS
Marine Protected Areas, Principle of Integration, Environmental Protection.
The research addresses the application of the principle of integration in the context of environmental protection in Marine Protected Areas (MPAs), focusing on the marine conservation units of São Pedro and São Paulo and Trindade and Martim Vaz. It highlights Brazil’s current scenario, which protects 26.47% of its marine biomes through conservation units, surpassing the minimum percentage established by COP10 in 2010. The study emphasizes the need to understand the dynamics of economic activities within these protected areas, analyzing their legal frameworks and fundamental concepts. Issues such as challenges in the legal and physical control of MPAs, gaps in regulatory decrees, and the need for compatibility between protection and sustainable use are thoroughly addressed. Governance of public policies is also analyzed, highlighting the roles of institutions such as the Ministry of the Environment, IBAMA, the Chico Mendes Institute, and the essential contribution of the Navy to marine resource management. Furthermore, the study discusses the need to establish specialized agencies, such as the National Institute for Oceanic Research, and the significance of the Blue Economy as a foundation for sustainable development. The methodology combines an analysis of the criteria for describing Ecologically or Biologically Significant Marine Areas (EBSAs) and the Marine Spatial Planning (MSP). The research aims to contribute to harmonizing environmental protection and economic activities in MPAs, promoting the conservation and sustainable use of marine resources, with the principle of integration serving as a guiding axis.