"THE TYPOLOGY OF PREVENTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL OBLIGATIONS PRIOR TO AND CONCOMITANT WITH THE MARITIME TRANSPORTATION OF POTENTIALLY POLLUTING LOADS IN BRAZIL".
1. Preventive obligations; 2. Sea transport; 3. Potentially polluting loads; 4. Transportation of oil and dangerous goods; 5. Environmental pollution.
In the maritime transport of potentially polluting cargo, obligations aimed at environmental prevention must be present before and concomitantly with the exercise of maritime activity. Operational duties in the maritime modal are preceded by the implementation of obligations that preceded them in view of the need to regulate maritime activity and environmental protection and preservation. This research shows the fragmentation and plurality of norms applicable to the modal in relation to the type of transport carried out and the cargo carried. Then, the typology of obligations aimed at potentially polluting loads was carried out due to their polluting capacity of the marine environment. Among the obligations prior to transportation, we can mention: the obligation to enroll or register Brazilian vessels, the obligation to prepare the Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan - SOPEP, and the obligatory institution of Emergency plan on board in the maritime transport of harmful liquid substances in bulk. And concomitantly with transport, the mandatory use of the navigation diary in maritime transport, the implementation of the Vessel Traffic Service - VTS for monitoring the maritime transport of potentially polluting cargo and the tracking of vessels through the Maritime Monitoring System Support for oil and gas activities - SIMMAP. This research contributes to the connection between the shipping sector and environmental protection, as well, as the connection between administrative and judicial attributions.