Unconventional Monetary Policy and Its Effects on Industry: a Study of the
U.S. Economy
Unconventional Monetary Policy; Quantitative Easing; Industrial
Policy; Economic Growth.
This study aims to analyze the effects of quantitative easing (QE) policies
on industrial activity, with a particular focus on the last round of monetary expansion
implemented between 2020 and 2022, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Unlike the scenario
observed during the 2008 financial crisis, this period was characterized by health-related
restrictions that constrained labor supply and consequently altered the transmission
mechanisms of monetary policy. Based on the empirical framework proposed by Feldkircher et
al. (2021) and supported by complementary studies in the recent literature, the research seeks
to measure the impact of central bank balance sheet shocks on industrial production and to
assess the effectiveness of QE in a macroeconomic environment less conducive to monetary
expansion. The study aims to contribute to a better understanding of the limits and conditions under which unconventional monetary policies can stimulate economic activity in periods of
productive constraint.